Common steel plates include ordinary carbon steel plates, stainless steel plates, high-speed steel, high-manganese steel, etc. Their main raw material is molten steel, which is a material made by mechanical pressing after the molten steel is poured and cooled. Most steel plates are flat or rectangular, and can not only be pressed mechanically, but also cut with wide steel strips. So what are the types of steel plates?
(1) Thin plate: thickness <4 mm
(2) Medium plate: 4 mm~20 mm
(3) Thick plate: 20 mm~60 mm
(4) Extra thick plate: 60 mm~115 mm
(1) Hot-rolled steel plate: The surface of the hot-rolled steel plate has oxide scale and the thickness of the plate has a difference. The hot-rolled steel plate has low hardness, is easy to process, and has good ductility.
(2) Cold-rolled steel plate: The surface of the cold-rolled steel plate has no oxide scale and is of good quality. The cold-rolled plate has high hardness and is relatively difficult to process, but it is not easy to deform and has high strength.
(1) Galvanized sheet (hot-dip galvanized sheet, electro-galvanized sheet): In order to prevent the steel sheet from corrosion and prolong its service life, a layer of metal zinc is applied to the steel sheet surface.
Hot-dip galvanizing: The thin steel sheet is immersed in a molten zinc bath to make a thin layer of zinc adhere to its surface. At present, the continuous galvanizing process is mainly used for production, that is, the rolled steel sheet is continuously immersed in a molten zinc plating bath to make a galvanized steel sheet
Electro-galvanized: This galvanized steel sheet manufactured by electroplating has good processability. However, the coating is thin and the corrosion resistance is not as good as that of hot-dip galvanized sheet.
(2) Tinplate: A cold-rolled thin steel sheet with an extremely thin layer of metal tin on both sides. It combines the hardness and strength of steel with the easy welding, corrosion resistance and bright appearance of tin.
Tinplate has the advantages of being odorless, non-toxic, light in weight and easy to process and shape. Printing different patterns can also beautify the product, so it has been widely used in the food canning industry, electronic devices, chemical paint and other industries.
(3) Composite steel plate: It can be divided into two categories according to its combination type, namely metal composite steel plate and non-metal composite steel plate.
Metal composite steel plate is a steel plate with other metal coatings on the surface, such as stainless steel composite steel plate, titanium composite steel plate, copper composite steel plate and aluminum composite steel plate.
Non-metal composite steel plate is a composite of base steel plate and viscoelastic resin with excellent vibration reduction performance, such as lightweight composite steel plate and vibration reduction composite steel plate.
(4) Color coated steel plate: commonly known as color steel plate, it is made of high-quality cold-rolled steel plate, hot-dip galvanized steel plate or aluminum-zinc-coated steel plate as the substrate, after surface degreasing, phosphating, chromate treatment, coating with organic coating and baking.
It has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, bright color and good durability. It is widely used in construction, home appliances, decoration, automobile and other fields.
The strength of color steel plate depends on the substrate material and thickness, and the durability depends on the coating (galvanizing amount 318g/m2) and surface coating. The coatings include polyester (PE), silicone resin (SMP), high weather-resistant polyester (HDP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), etc. The coating thickness is more than 25um. The coating structure includes two coatings and one baking, two coatings and two baking, etc. The maintenance-free service life can be 20-30 years depending on the ambient atmosphere.
(2) Boiler steel plate: widely used in petroleum, chemical, power station, boiler and other industries, used to make reactors, heat exchangers, separators, spherical tanks, oil and gas tanks, liquefied gas tanks, nuclear reactor pressure vessels, boiler drums, liquefied petroleum gas cylinders, hydropower station high-pressure water pipes, water turbine vortex shells and other equipment and components.
(3) Shipbuilding steel plate: Thin and thick steel plates made of special shipbuilding structural steel used to manufacture the hull structure of ocean-going, coastal and inland ships. Shipbuilding structural steel includes carbon steel and low alloy steel, and the steel number is marked with C (ship) at the end.
(4) Armor steel plate: In military, it is usually composed of solid metal or non-metallic materials on military equipment and facilities, which can defend against certain energy physical attacks (including kinetic energy, thermal energy, electromagnetic radiation, etc.) and reduce damage to the protected target.
(5) Automobile steel plate: refers to the structure used in automobile manufacturing. It is mainly composed of plate and special steel. It has the characteristics of high strength, thin gauge and corrosion resistance. It has a high level of production technology and is a high value-added product. The thickness of automobile steel plate is generally 0.8-1.2mm. Due to different external skin structures, the thickness is also different, and the maximum thickness reaches 3MM.
(6) Structural steel plate: refers to steel that meets specific strength and formability grades. Formability is expressed by the elongation after interruption of the tensile test. Structural steel is generally used for bearing and other purposes, in which the strength of steel is a heavy design standard. Structural steel is a type of special steel.
① Steel used for various machine parts. It includes carburizing steel, quenched and tempered steel, spring steel and rolling bearing steel.
② Steel used for engineering structures. It includes A, B, special steel and ordinary low alloy steel in carbon steel.
1. Classification by thickness
(1) Thin plate: thickness <4 mm(2) Medium plate: 4 mm~20 mm
(3) Thick plate: 20 mm~60 mm
(4) Extra thick plate: 60 mm~115 mm
2. Classification by production method
(1) Hot-rolled steel plate: The surface of the hot-rolled steel plate has oxide scale and the thickness of the plate has a difference. The hot-rolled steel plate has low hardness, is easy to process, and has good ductility.(2) Cold-rolled steel plate: The surface of the cold-rolled steel plate has no oxide scale and is of good quality. The cold-rolled plate has high hardness and is relatively difficult to process, but it is not easy to deform and has high strength.
3. Classification by surface characteristics
(1) Galvanized sheet (hot-dip galvanized sheet, electro-galvanized sheet): In order to prevent the steel sheet from corrosion and prolong its service life, a layer of metal zinc is applied to the steel sheet surface.Hot-dip galvanizing: The thin steel sheet is immersed in a molten zinc bath to make a thin layer of zinc adhere to its surface. At present, the continuous galvanizing process is mainly used for production, that is, the rolled steel sheet is continuously immersed in a molten zinc plating bath to make a galvanized steel sheet
Electro-galvanized: This galvanized steel sheet manufactured by electroplating has good processability. However, the coating is thin and the corrosion resistance is not as good as that of hot-dip galvanized sheet.
(2) Tinplate: A cold-rolled thin steel sheet with an extremely thin layer of metal tin on both sides. It combines the hardness and strength of steel with the easy welding, corrosion resistance and bright appearance of tin.
Tinplate has the advantages of being odorless, non-toxic, light in weight and easy to process and shape. Printing different patterns can also beautify the product, so it has been widely used in the food canning industry, electronic devices, chemical paint and other industries.
(3) Composite steel plate: It can be divided into two categories according to its combination type, namely metal composite steel plate and non-metal composite steel plate.
Metal composite steel plate is a steel plate with other metal coatings on the surface, such as stainless steel composite steel plate, titanium composite steel plate, copper composite steel plate and aluminum composite steel plate.
Non-metal composite steel plate is a composite of base steel plate and viscoelastic resin with excellent vibration reduction performance, such as lightweight composite steel plate and vibration reduction composite steel plate.
(4) Color coated steel plate: commonly known as color steel plate, it is made of high-quality cold-rolled steel plate, hot-dip galvanized steel plate or aluminum-zinc-coated steel plate as the substrate, after surface degreasing, phosphating, chromate treatment, coating with organic coating and baking.
It has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, bright color and good durability. It is widely used in construction, home appliances, decoration, automobile and other fields.
The strength of color steel plate depends on the substrate material and thickness, and the durability depends on the coating (galvanizing amount 318g/m2) and surface coating. The coatings include polyester (PE), silicone resin (SMP), high weather-resistant polyester (HDP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), etc. The coating thickness is more than 25um. The coating structure includes two coatings and one baking, two coatings and two baking, etc. The maintenance-free service life can be 20-30 years depending on the ambient atmosphere.
4. Classification by use
(1) Bridge steel plate: thick steel plate specially used for manufacturing bridge structural parts, using special steel grades of carbon steel and low alloy steel for bridge construction.(2) Boiler steel plate: widely used in petroleum, chemical, power station, boiler and other industries, used to make reactors, heat exchangers, separators, spherical tanks, oil and gas tanks, liquefied gas tanks, nuclear reactor pressure vessels, boiler drums, liquefied petroleum gas cylinders, hydropower station high-pressure water pipes, water turbine vortex shells and other equipment and components.
(3) Shipbuilding steel plate: Thin and thick steel plates made of special shipbuilding structural steel used to manufacture the hull structure of ocean-going, coastal and inland ships. Shipbuilding structural steel includes carbon steel and low alloy steel, and the steel number is marked with C (ship) at the end.
(4) Armor steel plate: In military, it is usually composed of solid metal or non-metallic materials on military equipment and facilities, which can defend against certain energy physical attacks (including kinetic energy, thermal energy, electromagnetic radiation, etc.) and reduce damage to the protected target.
(5) Automobile steel plate: refers to the structure used in automobile manufacturing. It is mainly composed of plate and special steel. It has the characteristics of high strength, thin gauge and corrosion resistance. It has a high level of production technology and is a high value-added product. The thickness of automobile steel plate is generally 0.8-1.2mm. Due to different external skin structures, the thickness is also different, and the maximum thickness reaches 3MM.
(6) Structural steel plate: refers to steel that meets specific strength and formability grades. Formability is expressed by the elongation after interruption of the tensile test. Structural steel is generally used for bearing and other purposes, in which the strength of steel is a heavy design standard. Structural steel is a type of special steel.
① Steel used for various machine parts. It includes carburizing steel, quenched and tempered steel, spring steel and rolling bearing steel.
② Steel used for engineering structures. It includes A, B, special steel and ordinary low alloy steel in carbon steel.
