Steel sheet piles are mainly divided into six types according to their cross-sectional forms: U-shaped steel sheet piles, Z-shaped steel sheet piles, straight-edge steel sheet piles, H-shaped steel sheet piles, tubular steel sheet piles and AS-shaped steel sheet piles. During the construction process, steel sheet piles with different cross-sectional forms should be selected according to the engineering conditions and cost control characteristics.
1. U-shaped steel sheet piles
U-shaped steel sheet piles are a common type of steel sheet piles. Their cross-sectional form presents a "U" shape, consisting of a longitudinal thin plate and two parallel edge plates.
Advantages: U-shaped steel sheet piles have a variety of specifications and models. According to the actual situation of the project, a more economical and reasonable cross-section can be selected to achieve optimization in engineering design and better reduce construction costs; and the U-shaped cross-sectional shape is stable, not easy to deform, has a strong bearing capacity, can withstand large horizontal and vertical loads, and is suitable for deep foundation pit projects and river cofferdams.
Disadvantages: U-shaped cross-sectional steel sheet piles require large piling equipment during construction, and the equipment cost is relatively high. At the same time, due to its special shape, the splicing and extension construction is cumbersome, and its scope of application is small.
2. Z-type steel sheet pile
Z-type steel sheet pile is another common type of steel sheet pile. Its cross-section is "Z" shaped, consisting of two parallel thin plates and a longitudinal connecting thin plate.
Advantages: Steel sheet piles with Z-section can be spliced and extended, which is suitable for engineering projects that require a longer length; the structure is compact, with good water tightness and impermeability, and is more outstanding in bending resistance and bearing capacity. It is suitable for projects with large excavation depth, hard soil layer or need to withstand high water pressure.
Disadvantages: The bearing capacity of steel sheet piles with Z-section is relatively weak, and it is easy to deform when encountering large loads. Because its splicing is prone to leakage, additional reinforcement is required.
3. Right-angle steel sheet pile
Right-angle steel sheet pile is a steel sheet pile with a right-angle cross-section. It is usually composed of two L-shaped or T-shaped sections, which can achieve a greater excavation depth and stronger bending resistance in some special cases. Advantages: Steel sheet piles with right-angle cross-sections have strong bending resistance and are not easy to deform when encountering large loads. At the same time, they can be disassembled and used multiple times, which is more flexible and convenient during the construction process. They are suitable for marine engineering, offshore dams and docks.
Disadvantages: Steel sheet piles with right-angle cross-sections are relatively weak in compressive resistance and are not suitable for engineering projects that withstand large lateral pressure and extrusion. At the same time, due to their special shape, they cannot be spliced and extended, which limits their scope of application.
4. H-type steel sheet piles
The steel plate rolled into an H-shape is used as a form of supporting structure, and the construction speed is fast in foundation pit excavation, trench excavation, and bridge and culvert excavation. Advantages: Steel sheet piles with H-sections have a larger cross-sectional area and a more stable structure, with higher bending stiffness and bending and shear resistance. At the same time, they can be disassembled and used multiple times, which is more flexible and convenient during the construction process.
Disadvantages: H-section steel sheet piles require the use of larger piling equipment, vibrating hammers, etc. for construction, which has a high construction cost. In addition, due to their special shape and weak lateral stiffness, the pile body tends to tilt to the side with weaker stiffness during piling, which is prone to construction bending.
5. Tubular steel sheet piles
Tubular steel sheet piles are a relatively rare type of steel sheet piles. They have a circular cross-section and are made of a thick-walled cylindrical thin plate.
Advantages: This cross-sectional form gives circular steel sheet piles good compressive resistance and bearing capacity, and can perform better than other types of steel sheet piles in certain specific occasions.
Disadvantages: The side resistance of the soil encountered by the circular section during the settlement process is greater than that of the linear section. When the stratum is too deep, it is easy to curl or sink poorly.
6. AS-type steel sheet piles
AS-type steel sheet piles are a steel structure with a linkage device on the edge, which can be freely combined to form a continuous and tight retaining or water retaining wall. Its features include:
Good seismic resistance: AS-type steel sheet piles have good seismic resistance and are suitable for structures that require seismic resistance.
Connection method: Bolt connection is usually used for easy installation and removal.
Application scenario: Mainly used for projects that require high strength and stability, such as coastal protection and bridge foundations.
AS-type steel sheet piles are usually produced by hot rolling process and have a high alloy content (such as 0.45) to ensure their strength and durability. Processing services include rough processing and delivery services are provided.
1. U-shaped steel sheet piles
U-shaped steel sheet piles are a common type of steel sheet piles. Their cross-sectional form presents a "U" shape, consisting of a longitudinal thin plate and two parallel edge plates.
Advantages: U-shaped steel sheet piles have a variety of specifications and models. According to the actual situation of the project, a more economical and reasonable cross-section can be selected to achieve optimization in engineering design and better reduce construction costs; and the U-shaped cross-sectional shape is stable, not easy to deform, has a strong bearing capacity, can withstand large horizontal and vertical loads, and is suitable for deep foundation pit projects and river cofferdams.
Disadvantages: U-shaped cross-sectional steel sheet piles require large piling equipment during construction, and the equipment cost is relatively high. At the same time, due to its special shape, the splicing and extension construction is cumbersome, and its scope of application is small.
2. Z-type steel sheet pile
Z-type steel sheet pile is another common type of steel sheet pile. Its cross-section is "Z" shaped, consisting of two parallel thin plates and a longitudinal connecting thin plate.
Advantages: Steel sheet piles with Z-section can be spliced and extended, which is suitable for engineering projects that require a longer length; the structure is compact, with good water tightness and impermeability, and is more outstanding in bending resistance and bearing capacity. It is suitable for projects with large excavation depth, hard soil layer or need to withstand high water pressure.
Disadvantages: The bearing capacity of steel sheet piles with Z-section is relatively weak, and it is easy to deform when encountering large loads. Because its splicing is prone to leakage, additional reinforcement is required.
3. Right-angle steel sheet pile
Right-angle steel sheet pile is a steel sheet pile with a right-angle cross-section. It is usually composed of two L-shaped or T-shaped sections, which can achieve a greater excavation depth and stronger bending resistance in some special cases. Advantages: Steel sheet piles with right-angle cross-sections have strong bending resistance and are not easy to deform when encountering large loads. At the same time, they can be disassembled and used multiple times, which is more flexible and convenient during the construction process. They are suitable for marine engineering, offshore dams and docks.
Disadvantages: Steel sheet piles with right-angle cross-sections are relatively weak in compressive resistance and are not suitable for engineering projects that withstand large lateral pressure and extrusion. At the same time, due to their special shape, they cannot be spliced and extended, which limits their scope of application.
4. H-type steel sheet piles
The steel plate rolled into an H-shape is used as a form of supporting structure, and the construction speed is fast in foundation pit excavation, trench excavation, and bridge and culvert excavation. Advantages: Steel sheet piles with H-sections have a larger cross-sectional area and a more stable structure, with higher bending stiffness and bending and shear resistance. At the same time, they can be disassembled and used multiple times, which is more flexible and convenient during the construction process.
Disadvantages: H-section steel sheet piles require the use of larger piling equipment, vibrating hammers, etc. for construction, which has a high construction cost. In addition, due to their special shape and weak lateral stiffness, the pile body tends to tilt to the side with weaker stiffness during piling, which is prone to construction bending.
5. Tubular steel sheet piles
Tubular steel sheet piles are a relatively rare type of steel sheet piles. They have a circular cross-section and are made of a thick-walled cylindrical thin plate.
Advantages: This cross-sectional form gives circular steel sheet piles good compressive resistance and bearing capacity, and can perform better than other types of steel sheet piles in certain specific occasions.
Disadvantages: The side resistance of the soil encountered by the circular section during the settlement process is greater than that of the linear section. When the stratum is too deep, it is easy to curl or sink poorly.
6. AS-type steel sheet piles
AS-type steel sheet piles are a steel structure with a linkage device on the edge, which can be freely combined to form a continuous and tight retaining or water retaining wall. Its features include:
Good seismic resistance: AS-type steel sheet piles have good seismic resistance and are suitable for structures that require seismic resistance.
Connection method: Bolt connection is usually used for easy installation and removal.
Application scenario: Mainly used for projects that require high strength and stability, such as coastal protection and bridge foundations.
AS-type steel sheet piles are usually produced by hot rolling process and have a high alloy content (such as 0.45) to ensure their strength and durability. Processing services include rough processing and delivery services are provided.
